Add multiple items to calculate total VAT across a whole invoice.
- 20% Standard — most goods and services
- 5% Reduced — home energy, children's car seats, sanitary products
- 0% Zero rated — food, books, children's clothes, public transport
- Add VAT: Net × 1.20
- Remove VAT: Gross ÷ 1.20
- VAT amount: Net × 0.20
- Replace 1.20 with 1.05 for 5% rate
- You must register for VAT if your taxable turnover exceeds £90,000 in any 12-month period
- You can also voluntarily register below this threshold
How to use the VAT Calculator
Choose whether to add VAT to a price or remove VAT from a price using the toggle at the top. Select your VAT rate — 20%, 5% or 0% — or enter a custom rate. Type your price and the net, VAT amount and gross are calculated instantly. Use the batch calculator for multiple items.
Frequently Asked Questions
The standard UK VAT rate is 20%, applied to most goods and services. A reduced rate of 5% applies to items like home energy, childrens car seats and sanitary products. A zero rate of 0% applies to food, books, childrens clothing and most public transport.
To find the price before VAT, divide the gross price by 1.20 for standard rate, or 1.05 for reduced rate. For example £120 including 20% VAT has a net price of £120 ÷ 1.20 = £100. Our calculator does this automatically — just select Remove VAT and enter the gross price.
You must register for VAT if your taxable turnover exceeds £90,000 in any rolling 12-month period. You can also register voluntarily below this threshold, which may be beneficial if you want to reclaim VAT on business purchases.
VAT-exclusive (net) prices show the cost before tax is added — typically used in B2B pricing. VAT-inclusive (gross) prices include the tax — used in consumer-facing retail pricing. All prices displayed to consumers in the UK must include VAT by law.